Semiconductor Devices and Process Technology 2nd edition handbook presents the fundamental device physics, materials, and fabrication processes used to manufacture semiconductors, as …
Photonics became an enabling technology for applications such as fiber optic communications, bioimaging, laser surgery, LED lighting, security, flexible electronics, wafer inspection …
The global demand for lithium-ion batteries has been growing for a number of years, and this growth isn’t going to stop. Laser manufacturing enables next-generation battery designs …
Spatial filters provide a convenient way to remove random fluctuations from the intensity profile of a laser beam. This greatly improves resolution — which is especially critical for …
Learn about laser classifications and the controls and protective equipment required to stay safe.
Ophthalmology is the branch of medicine that deals with the anatomy, physiology and diseases of the eye. The laser is particularly suited to ophthalmic surgery since it can provide …
To assess the quality, performance, and characteristics of laser diodes, manufacturers often perform exhaustive testing which requires electro-optical, spectral and spatial characterization …
Thermopile sensors are based on thermocouples. A thermocouple consists of two dissimilar metals connected in series. To detect radiation, one metal junction is typically blackened to …
A pyroelectric crystalline material has electric polarization even in the absence of an applied voltage. On heating, the material expands and produces a change in the polarization which …
A photodiode sensor consists of a semiconductor p-n junction. Light falling on the junction causes the formation of electron-hole pairs. In photovoltaic mode, the electron-hole pairs …
Precise control of polarization behavior is necessary to obtain optimal performance from optical components and systems. Characteristics such as reflectivity, insertion loss, and beamsplitter …
When equipped with high-performance thermal imaging systems, UAVs, also known as drones, lend themselves to a wide range of defense, government, and commercial applications.
One super-resolution approach is called stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy. This technique uses a confocal microscope and a diffraction limited excitation beam that is …
LiDAR is an active remote sensing technique that is similar to RADAR but, instead of using radio waves as a radiation source, it uses laser pulses. In this technique, a laser source …
As the flat panel display market moves from LCD to OLED display technology, laser patterning and cutting of heterogeneous materials (comprised of multiple organic material films) with …
Lasers are routinely used in a variety of PCB manufacturing processes including via drilling, depaneling, profiling, laser direct imaging, repair, trimming, and marking. Laser processing …
Crystalline-Silicon solar cells are the predominant solar cell technology used in fabricating solar panels because of the availability of silicon, well-developed manufacturing processes, …
In this application note, we provide a brief description of the basics of wafer and reticle inspection techniques and discuss the characteristics of current inspection tools.
A laser is a source of coherent light. It contains an optical oscillator that increases the amplitude of an optical field while maintaining its phase. This coherent amplification is …
Light is generated from a laser as a result of the following process: electrons in a material move from an excited energy level to a lower-lying energy level and produce photons that …
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